Queen bee

Queen bee

The queen or mother of the colony is a fully formed female, and there is only one queen in each beehive (except in rare cases). It is larger than the rest of the bees, and it has a long abdomen, with a pointed end. Her chest appears wider than the chests of the rest of the bee species, her wings are short, but in fact they are a little longer than the wings of the rest in her hive, and the color of the queen's legs is more bright, tending to orange-brown. They appear brighter than the rest of the bee group, and often smoother. The function of the queen is to lay eggs, which results in the rest of the cell members.The queen has a curved stinger, the straight stinging nevus found in female workers, which she uses only in her battle with another competing queen in the cell.

The Virgin Queen

It is a queen that has now no longer been fertilized but it is much like the employee bees, as its stomach is small and is characterized by way of means of its speedy motion on the discs with the assist of its wings and in a worrying and disturbing manner. The queen has huge ovaries, the variety in their branches (250-four hundred branches), and the coolest queen lays 1500-2000 eggs consistent with day, in suitable conditions, and the fertilized queen has a feature aside from laying eggs and could be Very important, as current studies have proven that there may be a unique odor that is secreted from unique glands. It is assumed that it is far discovered inside the upper jaw, and this odor works to draw the employee to it, and there may be some other This odor is discovered at the elements of the queen's frame called the prohibitive sce

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This substance is energetic within the presence of some other substance called (Queen Substance) secreted via way of means of the maxillary glands as well, that's a fatty acid complex.

This substance spreads over the frame of the queen, and the bridesmaids surrounding her lick it and byskip it directly to others, who in flip switch it to some of different people, in order that this odor pervades all of the people within the hive.

This odor prevents the rearing of recent queens and additionally prevents the improvement of the employee's ovaries, in order that fake moms do now no longer appear inside the colony.

The absence of those inhibitory odors might also additionally arise whilst the queen is misplaced or dies, which results in stimulating the people to begin elevating new queens within numerous hours of the queen's absence, and fake queens might also additionally appear within the colony, and bees commonly lodge to elevating their new queens to the small larvae that they have. Its age does now no longer exceed 3 days, or it places to the eggs itself via way of means of constructing royal homes and giving unique care to the larvae of queens and persevering with to feed them for the duration of the larval section with royal food .

Queen's homes

The houses are like peanuts, as the workers build them from wax mixed with pollen so that they are porous and the virgin can breathe after closing them. The strength of the sect also depends on the purpose of its construction, as it is small in number in the case of replacing the old queen, and large in number in the case of expulsion.

Insemination of virgin queens

It has become formerly believed that the virgin queen fertilizes in the hive, and it's probably miles that Anton Janscha in 1771 became the primary to find out that the virgin queen is fertilized even as it flies out of the doors of the hive, as inside the days of her go out she can be able to have bumped off all of the queens competing with her, after which she takes brief journeys out of doors the hive They are referred to as exploratory flights or pre-wedding ceremony flights, while the climate is apparent and the cause of The flight is to perceive the area of ​​the hive and perceive the floor symptoms and symptoms within the area. The length of this flight won't exceed greater than a minute or at the beginning, then this era could be extended till it from time to time reaches 30 minutes. In the superior stages, 2-three days after this exploratory flight, the queen flies on the marriage flight after her ovaries have matured and are absolutely prepared for fertilization.

When the climate isn't always appropriate for wedding ceremony flight at some point of the primary weeks of the virgin queens coming out, maximum queens will fail in herbal mating and develop into male bearers.

Lay eggs

After 2-three days of pollination, the ovaries of the fertilized queen are activated due to the pollination method itself and due to what she eats from the royal meals this is supplied to her through the younger employees who surround her (the maidservants). Until it touches the cease of the lowest, and lays an egg that sticks to the lowest through secreting an acidic adhesive, and inside seconds this method is repeated, therefore increasing the dimensions of the place wherein the queen lays eggs, and it's also in a round or oval form and is referred to as the brood place. The first and 2nd years are taken into consideration the fertile length within the existence of the queen, wherein she lays the largest quantity of eggs in the course of her, and after that her pastime in laying eggs decreases, and if she receives older, she turns into a male bearer, and that is a herbal end result of the depletion of sperm from her seminal midwife.

Queen rearing

When there's a want to supply huge numbers of queens for industrial use, it isn't feasible to depend upon herbal methods, because the manufacturing of queens depends upon a huge quantity on elements that the breeder does now no longer control, so it's far Vital to reproduce in business methods that the breeder controls to reap queens from amazing groups on dates It is properly known, and there are numerous methods to elevate queens, the most critical of which are:

Hopkins method

This approach changes from the bag approach, however, here the breeder destroys 3 rows of cells and leaves the fourth, then kills the larvae in one row and leaves the third, and the disc is located horizontally in the tops of the discs.

bag method

A new wax pill is located in a sturdy colony with a superb queen, and after 3-4 days the bees have stretched the hexagonal eyes and the queen fills them with eggs, after the breeder takes it out and gets rid of the bees from it, then destroys and destroys rows of eggs and leaves a row and so on, then that is brought Tweak to a queenless sect so that it will construct the royal homes.

It is most effective whilst putting this disk to be in a horizontal position, furnished that its handled floor is the decrease floor, and the tops of the disks are raised through wood dams, protecting the mobile well. After that, approximately 5-6 days, the shaped homes may be allotted to the colonies and their shaped nuclei.

Miller method

This approach turned into advanced in 1912 AD via way of means of the sector Miller, and it's far appropriate for breeding queens in a small wide variety, in which the breeder chooses the breeding segment and provides to it a wood body on approximately 5 portions. of wax foundations are constant within the shape of triangles, in order that the pinnacle of the triangle is set 6-7 cm far from the lack of stamina, in the breeding hive, it's far required that or not it's robust with a super queen on its head, and it's far recommended to take away the small brood even as leaving discs of the closed brood. The preceding body is positioned within the brood area, and within days the bees start to stretch the hexagonal eyes and the queen lays eggs in it, then this body is eliminated and what's left is eliminated. On it from bees the usage of a bee brush, then it's far placed within the center of the pills of the sect to be able to improve the queens, after apart from its queen, and this sect should comprise suitable honey and pollen, and it's far most advantageous to exclude the pills containing a small incubation and eggs from it, in order that the sect directs its care To the rearing of queens from the disc added, and commonly the queens are raised round the rims of the waxy disc, and their wide variety is set 30-50 royal homes, and after approximately 10 days those homes are matured and every residence may be eliminated one at a time and inserted right into a nucleus or mobile till it exits The queen and her impregnation.

Alli method

This technique is predicated on reducing a strip with one form of hexagonal eyes containing eggs or younger larvae, except the contents in the hexagonal eyes and leaving the 0.33 and so forth alongside the strip. The holes for the hexagonal eyes are going through down, and this disc is delivered to the sect that builds the royal homes, and after (5-7) days, the fashioned royal homes may be dispensed to the sects that want them.

Why is there a queen bee and there is no king?

• The purpose there's no king within the beehive is that the function of the male honeybee ends after mating with the queen, so they do now no longer play any energetic function within the colony aside from assisting reproduction.
• Also, bees do now no longer want a king to mate constantly. After mating, the queen shops up to six million sperms inside her body, and makes use of them to fertilize eggs for the relaxation of her life. The queen bee is the most critical member of the hive, she is the most important within the colony, and she or he lives the longest And it has the most critical function , that's laying eggs, colonies can't preserve to supply bees if the queen dies.
• Through my beekeeping experience, I have noticed that the reason why there is no king in the beehive, is that the role of the male honeybee ends after mating with the queen, so that they do not play any active role, other than helping to protect and reproduce.